.case-studies {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  background-color: var(--color-bg-dark);
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.case-studies_intro {
  position: relative;
  padding-top: 80px;
  padding-bottom: 40px;
  text-align: left;
  z-index: 10;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_intro {
    padding-top: 120px;
    padding-bottom: 200px;
    text-align: center;
  }
}

.case-studies_intro-container {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1440px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 24px;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_intro-container {
    padding: 0 60px;
  }
}

.case-studies_header {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
  margin-bottom: 40px;
  text-align: left;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_header {
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 60px;
  }
}

.case-studies_badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  align-self: flex-start;
  gap: var(--space-xs);
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 2.8px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_badge {
    align-self: center;
  }
}

.case-studies_badge-symbol,
.case-studies_badge-star {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  font-size: 1.15em;
  color: var(--color-accent-cyan);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: middle;
  object-fit: contain;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {

  .case-studies_badge-symbol,
  .case-studies_badge-star {
    width: 16px;
    height: 16px;
  }

  .case-studies_badge {
    font-size: 12px;
    letter-spacing: 2.4px;
  }
}

.case-studies_title {
  font-size: 32px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  margin: 0;
  text-align: left;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_title {
    font-size: 50px;
    line-height: 130%;
    letter-spacing: -1.44px;
    text-align: center;
  }
}

.case-studies_subtitle {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.6;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: var(--space-xs) 0 0;
  text-align: left;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_subtitle {
    font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 1.2vw, 1.125rem);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin: var(--space-xs) auto 0;
    text-align: center;
  }
}

.case-studies_subtitle strong,
.case-studies_subtitle-bold {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
}

.case-studies_stats {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 10;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 28px 16px;
  max-width: 1320px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 24px 0 32px;
}

@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .case-studies_stats {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-xl);
    padding: var(--space-lg) 0;
  }
}

.case-studies_stat-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  text-align: left;
  padding: 0;
  gap: 8px;
}

@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .case-studies_stat-item {
    padding: 16px;
    gap: 28px;
  }
}

.case-studies_stat-label {
  order: 1;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin: 0;
}

@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .case-studies_stat-label {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--color-text-primary);
    max-width: none;
  }
}

.case-studies_stat-value {
  order: 2;
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  margin: 0;
}

/* Glowing Orb: Figma Node 26:5344
   A majestic glowing planet crest positioned right above the card stage.
   Orbit video layer sits behind stats div with feathered mask for seamless blending. */
.case-studies_orb-wrapper {
  position: absolute;
  top: -260px;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: 2200px;
  height: 1238px;
  /* 16:9 ratio matching 1920x1080 video */
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7) 8%, #000 20%, #000 48%, transparent 64%);
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7) 8%, #000 20%, #000 48%, transparent 64%);
}

.case-studies_orb-video {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center center;
  mix-blend-mode: screen;
  display: block;
}

@media (max-width: 991px) {
  .case-studies_orb-wrapper {
    top: -160px;
    width: 1600px;
    height: 900px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .case-studies_orb-wrapper {
    display: none;
  }
}

.case-studies_scroll-sequence {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  z-index: 2;
}

.case-studies_sticky-frame {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  padding: 16px 24px 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_sticky-frame {
    padding: 20px 60px 0;
  }
}

/* Cards Stage — responsive height fitting laptop viewports perfectly */
.case-studies_stage {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1320px;
  height: 540px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  overflow: hidden;
  z-index: 2;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_stage {
    height: clamp(520px, calc(100vh - 64px), 760px);
  }
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) and (min-height: 960px) {
  .case-studies_stage {
    height: 810px;
  }
}

/* Individual Slide Card — desktop: absolute stacked, GSAP controls stack & transform */
.case-studies_card {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 -16px 48px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7), 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  pointer-events: none;
  will-change: transform, filter;
}

/* First-card active before JS/GSAP fires, subsequent cards parked below stage */
.case-studies_card:not(:first-child) {
  transform: translateY(100%);
}

.case-studies_card:first-child,
.case-studies_card.is-active {
  pointer-events: auto;
}

/* Mobile: all cards visible, stacked vertically */
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .case-studies_stage {
    height: auto;
    overflow: visible;
  }

  .case-studies_card,
  .case-studies_card:not(:first-child) {
    position: relative;
    transform: none;
    pointer-events: auto;
    height: 620px;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .case-studies_card:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
}

/* Media Layer: Image + Hover Video */
.case-studies_card-media {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
  z-index: 1;
}

.case-studies_card-picture {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: block;
}

.case-studies_card-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center top;
  display: block;
  color: transparent;
  transition: transform 0.6s var(--ease-editorial), opacity 0.5s var(--ease-editorial);
}

.case-studies_card-video {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center top;
  opacity: 0;
  mix-blend-mode: screen;
  transition: opacity 0.5s var(--ease-editorial);
  pointer-events: none;
  display: none;
  /* hidden on mobile — enabled on desktop */
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_card-video {
    display: block;
  }
}

/* When hover video plays — video revealed with background image subtly visible underneath */
.case-studies_card.is-video-active .case-studies_card-img {
  transform: scale(1.02);
}

.case-studies_card.is-video-active .case-studies_card-video {
  opacity: 0.7;
}

/* Gradient Vignette Overlay — Figma spec:
   opacity: 0.8; background: linear-gradient(219deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.00) 35.47%, #000 73.6%) */
.case-studies_card-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  opacity: 0.8;
  background: linear-gradient(219deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.00) 35.47%, #000 73.6%);
  z-index: 2;
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Content Layer — 2-column layout (left content & right content) */
.case-studies_card-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  padding: 16px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  gap: var(--space-md);
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_card-content {
    flex-direction: row;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-end;
    padding: clamp(24px, 3.2vw, 40px);
    gap: var(--space-xl);
  }
}

.case-studies_card-header,
.case-studies_card-left {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  max-width: 620px;
}

.case-studies_card-brand {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_card-brand {
    margin-bottom: 48px;
  }
}

.case-studies_card-logo {
  height: 38px;
  width: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  display: block;
}

.case-studies_card-logo--joburg {
  height: 48px;
}

.case-studies_card-logo--oneic {
  height: 38px;
}

.case-studies_card-logo--malabar {
  height: 48px;
}

.case-studies_card-logo--id {
  height: 48px;
}

.case-studies_card-logo--fitreat {
  height: 32px;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .case-studies_card-logo--joburg {
    height: 42px;
  }

  .case-studies_card-logo--oneic {
    height: 32px;
  }

  .case-studies_card-logo--malabar {
    height: 42px;
  }

  .case-studies_card-logo--id {
    height: 42px;
  }

  .case-studies_card-logo--fitreat {
    height: 28px;
  }
}

.case-studies_card-title {
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  margin: 0 0 clamp(8px, 1.4vh, 16px) 0;
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_card-title {
    margin-bottom: clamp(12px, 1.8vh, 20px);
  }
}

.case-studies_card-desc {
  font-size: clamp(0.85rem, 1vw, 1rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  max-width: 520px;
  margin: 0 0 clamp(12px, 1.8vh, 24px) 0;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_card-desc {
    margin-bottom: clamp(16px, 2.2vh, 28px);
  }
}

.case-studies_card-action {
  margin: 0;
}

.case-studies_card-cta {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--duration-fast) ease, transform var(--duration-fast) ease;
}

.case-studies_card-cta:hover {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

.case-studies_card-cta-icon {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  position: relative;
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.case-studies_card-cta-icon img {
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease-in-out;
  will-change: transform;
}

.case-studies_card-cta-icon img:not(.main-btn_icon-copy) {
  transform: translate(0, 0);
}

.case-studies_card-cta-icon .main-btn_icon-copy {
  transform: translate(-150%, 150%);
}

.case-studies_card-cta:hover .case-studies_card-cta-icon img:not(.main-btn_icon-copy) {
  transform: translate(150%, -150%);
}

.case-studies_card-cta:hover .case-studies_card-cta-icon .main-btn_icon-copy {
  transform: translate(0, 0);
  transition-delay: 0.1s;
}

/* Right Content Column / Footer: Keywords List — hidden on mobile */
.case-studies_card-footer,
.case-studies_card-right {
  display: none;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {

  .case-studies_card-footer,
  .case-studies_card-right {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-end;
    gap: 20px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }
}

.case-studies_keywords-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_keywords-list {
    gap: 20px;
    align-items: flex-end;
  }
}

.case-studies_keyword-item {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  transition: color var(--duration-fast) ease;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_keyword-item {
    justify-content: flex-end;
  }
}

.case-studies_keyword-text {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #ffffff;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_keyword-text {
    font-size: 16px;
  }
}

.case-studies_keyword-line {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 1px;
  height: 16px;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: background-color var(--duration-fast) ease;
}

.case-studies_keyword-item:hover .case-studies_keyword-line {
  background-color: var(--color-accent-cyan);
}

.case-studies_bottom {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 5;
  padding: 24px var(--space-md) 32px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  background-color: var(--color-bg-dark);
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .case-studies_bottom {
    padding-top: 48px;
    padding-bottom: 120px;
  }
}

.case-studies_explore-cta {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-sm);
  padding: 6px 6px 6px 20px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill, 999px);
  background-color: #0d0d0d;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-glass);
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.case-studies_explore-badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.case-studies_explore-badge svg {
  display: block;
  transition: transform 0.38s ease-in-out;
  will-change: transform;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Count-Down Odometer — Conax-style slot machine
   .odometer           → flex row wrapper
   .count-down-digit   → per-character column clip
   .count-down-item    → the scrolling strip inside each digit
   .count-down-number  → individual number cell in the strip
   .count-down-suffix  → static "+" or other suffix character
---------------------------------------------------------- */
.odometer {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0;
  line-height: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.count-down-digit {
  height: 1em;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
}

.count-down-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  width: 100%;
  will-change: transform;
}

/* _1 direction: initially offset to show bottom (last) digit, scrolls down to reveal it at top */
.count-down-item._1 {
  transform: translateY(-88.9%);
}

/* _2 direction: starts at top, scrolls upward */
.count-down-item._2 {
  transform: translateY(0%);
}

.count-down-number {
  height: 1em;
  line-height: 1;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.count-down-number.semibold {
  font-weight: 700;
}

.count-down-suffix {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  height: 1em;
  line-height: 1;
  font-weight: 700;
}